knowledge n. 1.知識;學(xué)識,學(xué)問。 2.了解,理解;消息。 3.認(rèn)識。 4.〔古語〕學(xué)科。 5.〔古語〕性關(guān)系。 book knowledge書本知識。 K- is power. 〔諺語〕知識就是力量。 practical knowledge實(shí)際的知識。 secondhand knowledge第二手知識,傳授來的知識。 working knowledge of French 法語知識學(xué)到能應(yīng)用的地步。 I have no knowledge of London. 我對倫敦毫無所知。 It is within your knowledge that ... 這是你所知道的。 The knowledge of our victory caused great joy. 我們獲得勝利的消息傳來,萬眾歡騰。 perceptual knowledge感性認(rèn)識。 logical [rational] knowledge理性認(rèn)識。 the theory of knowledge【哲學(xué)】認(rèn)識論。 branches of knowledge學(xué)科。 carnal knowledge性經(jīng)驗(yàn);【法律】性關(guān)系。 come to sb.'s knowledge被某人知道。 common [general] knowledge眾所周知,常識。 grow out of (sb.'s) knowledge被忘掉了。 have some [a general, a thorough] knowledge of 懂得一點(diǎn),懂得一個(gè)大概,精通。 not to my knowledge我知道并不是那樣。 out of all knowledge(變得)認(rèn)不出來,無法辨認(rèn)。 to my knowledge據(jù)我知道。 to sb.'s certain knowledge據(jù)某人確知。 to the best of my knowledge據(jù)我所知,就我所知而論(=so far as I know)。 Too much knowledge makes the head bald. 〔諺語〕知識太多老得快。 without sb.'s knowledge 不通知某人,背著某人。
In the first half of the fourth chapter expound " multi - level knowledge unit " method and the second half bring forward some improvement 從第四章開始,首先是對現(xiàn)有知識單元表示方法的敘述,然后提出了改進(jìn)方法。
The system realize courseware and knowledge units with xml - based technology , so as to improve the system ' s capacity of extension , operation and reusing 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)采用xml技術(shù)作為構(gòu)造課件與知識單元的主要工具,以提高整個(gè)教學(xué)系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)展性、操作性、重用性等。
At last the paper uses fully learning data according celts , constructs theory and methord of implementing system . the theory has two aspects : gives imprecise learning methords using rules when sequencing initially , such as introducing , narrating emphases and so on ; during the process of learning , we construct a fuzzy evaluating model using the data of scores , learning time and browsing times , and adjust scores with learning objects . then we can inference more precice learning strategy based on the result of evaluation , such as searching previous knowledge units , learning current knowledge units repeatly 該原理主要體現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面:一是在初始編列時(shí),根據(jù)規(guī)則的匹配與調(diào)用可以實(shí)現(xiàn)較為粗略的教學(xué)方法指導(dǎo),如一般性介紹、重點(diǎn)講述等;二是在過程導(dǎo)學(xué)當(dāng)中,針對最具代表性的測驗(yàn)成績、學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間、瀏覽次數(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)效果和行為,結(jié)合學(xué)習(xí)者的預(yù)期學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)等因素進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)某煽冋{(diào)整、時(shí)間改進(jìn)等處理,并運(yùn)用模糊綜合評判的方法對學(xué)習(xí)者實(shí)施有效評價(jià),以推理出在學(xué)習(xí)過程中較為細(xì)化的教學(xué)建議,如搜索前驅(qū)知識單元、重新學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)前知識單元等。
Information storage implies knowledge capacity inside an enterprise ; its alteration depends on passively or periodically collecting , initiatively absorbing and exploring and innovating information . information entropy indicates the sequencable extent of the knowledge system . in fact , knowledge management is the process to decrease information entropy through administration and estimation on knowledge unit 知識存量反映了企業(yè)內(nèi)部的知識容量,其變動(dòng)取決于被動(dòng)地或周期性收集知識、主動(dòng)吸收知識、探索創(chuàng)新知識等三個(gè)方面;信息熵反映了知識系統(tǒng)的有序化程度,知識管理就是通過對知識元的管理與評估活動(dòng)降低知識系統(tǒng)信息熵的過程;知識系統(tǒng)的整體內(nèi)容則表現(xiàn)在知識語義上,不同的人對同一個(gè)知識系統(tǒng)獲得的語義是不同的。
The paper combined with the " national 863 plan " project of " research and application of development tool of intelligent agricultural information system " , tried to discuss some improvement about knowledge presentation method of " multi - level knowledge unit " and designed new " multi - ejb " inference mechanism , the paper on the one hand to bring forward to apply xml technology to knowledge presentation and to improve " fku ' , ' rku " unit . , 本文以國家八六三項(xiàng)目“智能化農(nóng)業(yè)信息處理系統(tǒng)開發(fā)平臺的研究及應(yīng)用”為背景,在知識表示方法的改進(jìn)和多組件推理機(jī)方面做了一些探討和研究。論文主要是開展了兩方面的工作。一方面是對原有知識單元表示方法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),主要集中在對原有fku , rku單元作了更嚴(yán)格的定義,使rku不隸屬于某個(gè)特有的fku單元,同時(shí)給出了知識表示方法的xml格式。